Obeying Rulers or Scholars in Making Lawful or Unlawful
is Taking Them as Lords Other Than Allah

قال ابن عباس: "يوشك أن تنزل عليكم حجارة من السماء أقول قال رسول الله و تقولون قال أبو بكر و عمر؟!"

Ibn Abbas said: “Stones are about to fall upon you from the heavens! I say to you ‘Allah’s Messenger said…’ but you say ‘Abu Bakr and Umar said…’?!”

وقال أحمد ابن حنبل: "عجبت لقوم عرفوا الاسناد و صحته ويذهبون الى رأي سفيان والله تعالى يقول {[لَا تَجْعَلُوا دُعَاءَ الرَّسُولِ بَيْنَكُمْ كَدُعَاءِ بَعْضِكُمْ بَعْضًا قَدْ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ يَتَسَلَّلُونَ مِنْكُمْ لِوَاذًا] فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ(63)}. أتدرى ما الفتنة؟ الفتنة الشرك لعله اذا رد بعض قوله أن يقع في في قلبه شيئ من الزيغ فيهلك"

Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: “I am amazed by people who know the chain of narration and its soundness but who go [instead] to the opinion of Sufyan even though Allah said {[Do not make your calling of the Prophet like your calling to each other for Allah knows those among you who transgress for their own self-interest.] And let those beware who go against his order lest they be afflicted by fitna or they be afflicted by a painful punishment. (An-Nur:63)}. Do you know what is fitna? Fitna is shirk. Because once any of his (sas) statements are rejected it is likely that some sickness will enter his heart and he is destroyed.

الترمذي 3020:

حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْكُوفِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ غُطَيْفِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفِي عُنُقِي صَلِيبٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ يَا عَدِيُّ اطْرَحْ عَنْكَ هَذَا الْوَثَنَ وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقْرَأُ فِي سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةٌ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَعْبُدُونَهُمْ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا أَحَلُّوا لَهُمْ شَيْئًا اسْتَحَلُّوهُ وَإِذَا حَرَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا حَرَّمُوهُ

From Adiy ibn Haatim (a former Christian) who said: I came to the Prophet (sas) with a gold cross around my neck and he (sas) said: “O Adiy, throw this idol away from yourself.” And I heard him reading from Sura Al-Baraa’a (At-Tauba) {They took their scholars and their monks as lords other than Allah..} He (sas) said: “They did not actually worship them. Rather it was their practice that if they declared something lawful they took it as lawful and if they declared something unlawful they forbid it.”

The verse referred to in Sura At-Tauba (and two around it):

وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّى يُؤْفَكُونَ(30)اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ(31)يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ(32)

{And the Jews said that Uzair is the son of Allah and the Christians said that the Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their statement with their own mouths. They mimic the statements of those who disbelieved before them. May Allah fight them for their falsehood. (30) They took their scholars and their monks as lords other than Allah [as well as] the Messiah the son of Maryam though they were not commanded except to worship a single deity. There is no deity but Him! Exalted is He above that which they associate. (31) They wish to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths but Allah refuses any possibility but the completion of his light though the disbeliever may hate it. (32)}

  1. The danger of turning away from any order of Allah’s messenger (An-Nur:63).
  2. The cross is an idol.
  3. The Jews and Christians took their learned and their ascetics as lords other than Allah in a similar way (i.e., by putting their words, opinions and rulings above the Communication from Allah). (At-Tauba:31)
  4. Mankind deviated after each messenger in the same manner.
  5. The correct understanding of “worship” which was not at first understood by Adiy.
  6. The reality of all of these issues among the Muslims.
  7. The degeneration of this situation until many call the worship of the ascetics (الرهبان) the “best of actions” and they call it “wilaya” and the worship of the learned ones is praised and called “knowledge” and “fiqh”. Then, the situation degenerated even further such that those worshipped beside Allah with the first meaning were not even among the righteous and those worshipped with the second meaning were not even among the learned!